Zopiclone is a widely prescribed medication for the short-term treatment of insomnia and other sleep disorders. It belongs to the class of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics and works by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to a calming and sleep-inducing effect. If you are considering taking zopiclone to address your sleep issues, it is crucial to understand how it works, its effects on sleep duration, and the potential side effects and precautions associated with its use.
How Zopiclone Works
Zopiclone starts to take effect approximately one hour after ingestion. It helps in reducing the time it takes to fall asleep (sleep latency), increasing the total sleep duration, and decreasing the number of nocturnal awakenings.
Zopiclone binds to the GABA_A receptor in the brain, enhancing the action of GABA, which is a chemical messenger that has a calming effect on the nervous system. This mechanism allows individuals to fall asleep more quickly and maintain sleep throughout the night.
Sleep Duration with Zopiclone
When taken as prescribed, zopiclone can significantly improve sleep quality. Here are some key points regarding sleep duration:
- Faster Onset of Sleep: Zopiclone helps you fall asleep more quickly, typically within an hour of taking the medication.
- Increased Sleep Duration: It increases the total amount of time you sleep by reducing the number of times you wake up during the night.
- Improved Sleep Cycles: Zopiclone affects the stages of sleep, particularly prolonging stages N2 and N3 and reducing stage N1 and REM sleep. This can lead to a more restful and continuous sleep.
Recommended Dosage and Duration of Treatment
The recommended dosage of zopiclone varies based on age and health status:
- Standard Dose: For most adults, the usual dose is 7.5 mg taken once daily at bedtime.
- Elderly: For older adults (over 65 years), a lower dose of 3.75 mg is often recommended to reduce the risk of excessive sleepiness and other side effects. This dose can be increased to 7.5 mg if necessary.
The treatment duration with zopiclone is typically short-term, ranging from a few days to a maximum of 4 weeks. This short-term use is advised to prevent the body from becoming accustomed to the medication, which can lead to tolerance and dependence.
Potential Side Effects and Precautions
While zopiclone can be effective in treating insomnia, it comes with several potential side effects and precautions:
- Drowsiness: One of the most common side effects is drowsiness, which can last up to 12 hours after taking the dose. This can feel like a ‘hangover’ with symptoms including sleepiness, coordination problems, dizziness, and an increased risk of falls.
- Avoid Alcohol and Caffeine: Drinking alcohol or consuming caffeine while taking zopiclone can exacerbate drowsiness, lead to breathing problems, and make it difficult to wake up. It is advisable to avoid these substances entirely while on zopiclone.
- Driving and Operating Machinery: Due to the potential for prolonged drowsiness, it is recommended not to drive or operate machinery for at least 12 hours after taking zopiclone. It is also important to be cautious the next morning when you wake up.
- Dependence and Withdrawal: Zopiclone can lead to dependence, especially if taken for more than a few weeks. Symptoms of dependence include difficulty stopping the medication, sleeping problems, headaches, irritability, and nervousness. To reduce this risk, it is advised to use zopiclone only 2-3 nights a week rather than every night.
Also Read: Is it OK to Take Zopiclone Every Night?
Sleepwalking and Other Nocturnal Behaviors
Zopiclone has been associated with sleepwalking and other unusual nocturnal behaviors such as driving, eating, making phone calls, or having sex while not being fully awake. These behaviors are more likely to occur if zopiclone is taken with alcohol or other medications. If you experience any of these behaviors, it is crucial to stop the treatment and consult your doctor immediately.
Overdose and Emergency Precautions
Taking more than the prescribed dose of zopiclone can be dangerous. Overdose symptoms include deep sleep, confusion, floppy muscles, dizziness, and respiratory depression. If you suspect an overdose, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately.
Stopping Zopiclone
When stopping zopiclone, it is important not to do so abruptly to avoid withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms can include a return of insomnia, anxiety, restlessness, mood changes, and increased sensitivity to light, noise, and touch. Your doctor may recommend a gradual reduction in dosage to prevent these symptoms.
Lifestyle Considerations
While zopiclone can provide short-term relief for sleep problems, it is important to incorporate lifestyle changes and sleep hygiene techniques to improve sleep quality in the long term. This includes maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a sleep-conducive environment, avoiding caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime, and engaging in relaxing activities before bed.
Conclusion
Zopiclone is a useful medication for the short-term treatment of insomnia, helping individuals fall asleep more quickly and maintain sleep throughout the night. However, it is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment to avoid potential side effects such as prolonged drowsiness, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and to ensure safe and effective use of zopiclone.
By understanding how zopiclone works, its effects on sleep duration, and the necessary precautions, you can make informed decisions about your sleep health and work towards achieving better, more restful sleep.
Also Read: Zopiclone 7.5 mg how many can I take?
